Food web and ecosystem

                                               Food web and ecosystem 

         

             

Ecosystem

All the interacting organisms in an area together with the nonliving constituents of the environment form an ecosystem example forest,pondetc.

Types of ecosystem: it is of two types:

• Natural ecosystem: The ecosystem which exist in nature on its own. Eg: lake ,ocean.
• Artificial ecosystem: Man-made ecosystems are called artificial ecosystems. Eg:Corpfield,aquarium,etc.

• Abiotic components : All the non-living components such as air,water,land etc. Form the abiotic components.

• Biotic components: All the living combining such as plants,animals,bacteria,fungi etc. from the Biotic components.

On the basis of nutrition biotic components are further divided into:

1. Producers: All green plants and blue green algae can produce their own food using abiotic components hence are called producers.
2. Consumers: include all animals which depend on producers Directly or indirectly for their food.

Consumers are further divided into:

• Herbivores: plant eaters.
• Carnivores: Flesh eaters.
• Omnivores: Eat both plants and animals.
• Parasites: Live in the body of hosts and take food from them.eg-lice,Cascuta.
• Decomposers: Include organisms which decompose you’re dead plants and animals.Include organisms which decompose the dead plants and animals.These help in the replenishment of natural resources.

Food chain

• Food chain Is a series of organisms in which one organism eats another organism as food.
• In a food chain various steps where transfer of energy takes place is called a tropic level.

Flow of energy between trophic level

• Flow of energy in a food chain is unidirectional 
• Green plants capture 1 percent of sunlight and convert it into food energy
• 10% law: Only 10% of energy is transferred to the next tropic level. The remaining 90% of energy is used in life process[Digestion,  growth, reproduction, etc.] by present trophic level.
• Due to This gradual decrease in Energy food chains contain 3–4 trophies levels

Food web

In nature a large number of food chains are interconnected, forming a food web

Ozone layer 

1 ozone layer is a protective blanket around the Earth, which absorbs most of the harmful UV ultraviolet radiation of the sunlight thus protecting Living beings from many health, Hazards , such as skin cancer, cataract , destruction of plants etc.

2 ozone layer is only present at higher level of atmosphere . it is a deadly poison. At ground level.

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